Watching a tumour grow in real-time

Researchers from the University of Freiburg have gained new insight into the phases of breast cancer growth

05-Aug-2015 - Germany

The ability to visualize and characterize the composition of a tumour in detail during its development can provide valuable insights in order to target appropriate therapeutics. Researchers from the University of Freiburg have visualized and quantified the growth and composition of breast tumours over time in a living animal.

Diagnosing and treating tumours remains one of the grand challenges of medicine in the 21st century. One way to visualize internal structures in living systems is to use light to selectively illuminate certain tissue, and analyse the reflected light to determine the structure. In such light-based imaging techniques, fluorophores provide specificity and contrast, to distinguish one tissue from the other and to delineate specific tissue components.

The researchers from the University of Freiburg engineered breast cancer cells to express E2-Crimson – a protein that absorbs light in the far-red spectrum – and then grew these cells in a living system to form tumours. The scientists achieved the visualization of the tumour in real-time by illuminating the tumour expressing E2-Crimson with near infrared light followed by reconstruction of the tumour image using fluorescence molecular tomography.

During the first four weeks of tumour development, the tumour volume increased not due to the increase in the tumour cells but due to the support matrix they were synthesizing. After four weeks, however, the tumour underwent a dramatic increase in the number of tumour cells. These new findings and the ability to provide visual and quantitative information on phases of tumour growth is important for selection of treatments and delivery of cancer drugs in the future.

Original publication

Jon Christensen, Daniel Vonwil, and V. Prasad Shastri; “Non-Invasive In Vivo Imaging and Quantification of Tumor Growth and Metastasis in Rats Using Cells Expressing Far-Red Fluorescence Protein."; PLOS ONE 2015.

https://www.analytica-world.com/en/news/153930/watching-a-tumour-grow-in-real-time.html